CSV Converter

CSV (Comma-Separated Values) is a plain-text format for storing tabular data, where each line represents a row and fields within a row are separated by commas. The format originated on IBM mainframes in the early 1970s for data interchange between programs and has since become the universal lowest-common-denominator format for structured data exchange. Despite its apparent simplicity, CSV has subtle complexities: fields containing commas, newlines, or quotation marks must be enclosed in double quotes, and embedded double quotes are escaped by doubling them. RFC 4180, published in 2005, codified these conventions but CSV implementations vary widely across software, with differences in delimiters (semicolons in many European locales), line endings, character encodings, and quoting rules. One advantage is absolute universality — every spreadsheet application, database system, programming language, and data analysis tool can read and write CSV, making it the safest format for data exchange between incompatible systems. The plain-text nature is another core strength: CSV files can be opened in any text editor, processed with command-line tools like awk and sed, version-controlled with Git, and streamed line-by-line without loading the entire dataset into memory. CSV remains the default export format for databases, web analytics platforms, scientific instruments, and government open data portals worldwide.